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Inros: the history and secrets of small Japanese boxes

Japanese art is full of wonders, and inros are an integral part of this. These small, portable boxes, usually made of lacquer, have fascinated collectors and art lovers for centuries. But beyond their aesthetic beauty, inros conceal a rich history and tradition, testifying to the ingenuity and creativity of Japanese craftsmen.


Three-compartment inro with brown lacquer background and hiramaki-e decoration, Japan, 19th century, appraised by Gauchet Art Asiatique for Millon auction house, sold for €1,500


Inros originated in Japan in the 17th century, during the Edo period. Originally, they were used by samurai and merchants to carry small quantities of medicines, perfumes and other precious objects. Their compact size and elegant design made them practical and refined accessories.


Over time, inros evolved beyond their simple utilitarian function. They became art objects in their own right, decorated with elaborate motifs and complex lacquer techniques. Japanese craftsmen vied with each other to create unique and precious inros, reflecting the social status and refined taste of their owners.

Inro with four compartments, hira-maki-e lacquer, Japan, 19th century, appraised by Gauchet Art Asiatique for Millon, sold for 1,500 euros

Inros are generally characterised by their compact rectangular shape, with a sliding lid that fits perfectly into the body. They are usually made of wood or ivory, but lacquer inros are the best known and most popular. Lacquer, a natural material derived from the sap of a specific tree, offers a smooth, durable surface that is ideal for decoration.


Lacquer inros are often decorated with complex and varied motifs, ranging from landscapes and scenes of everyday life to geometric and abstract designs. Japanese craftsmen used a variety of lacquer techniques, such as maki-e (gold or silver dusting), hiramakie (application of thin metal foil) and togidashi (relief decorations created by engraving).


Inrō with dragon decoration, lacquered wood, takamaki-e, hiramaki-e, gold and silver togidashimaki-e, Japan, Edo period (1603 - 1868), kept at the MET in New York

Beyond their aesthetic beauty, inros often have a symbolic meaning. The motifs decorating inros can represent particular values, beliefs or aspirations. For example, an inro decorated with a crane symbolises longevity, while an inro with a koi carp motif represents perseverance and success.


Inros were also used as objects of non-verbal communication. The patterns and colours chosen could convey subtle messages, indicating the owner's social status, membership of a group or personal preferences.



Shiomi Masanari 塩見政誠, Inrō with flower decoration, gold, silver and blue lacquer on black lacquer, Japan, early 18th century, held at the MET in New York


Today, inros are considered to be precious and sought-after works of art. They are prized by collectors and art lovers around the world for their beauty, history and cultural significance. Authentic inros, made by skilled Japanese craftsmen, can fetch high prices on the art market.


If you are fortunate enough to own an inro, or are considering acquiring one, it is important to do your research and understand its value and history. To help you in this process, Gauchet Asian Art offers you its expertise. Our experts can authenticate and appraise your inros, enabling you to find out their true value and historical provenance. They can also advise you on their conservation and restoration.





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